{"id":150777,"date":"2026-04-11T09:04:15","date_gmt":"2026-04-11T08:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/?p=150777"},"modified":"2026-04-11T14:39:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T13:39:13","slug":"chybi-zeny-pro-50-milionu-cinanu-zlepsi-se-po-2035-v-cine-plati-veno-muz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/chybi-zeny-pro-50-milionu-cinanu-zlepsi-se-po-2035-v-cine-plati-veno-muz\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa \u017eeny pre 50 mili\u00f3nov \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov - zlep\u0161\u00ed sa po 2040 - v \u010c\u00edne plat\u00ed veno mu\u017e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kontrola p\u00f4rodnosti je v \u010c\u00edne od roku 1949 a od 1980 politika jedn\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a do 2015 (\u017eiados\u0165) resp. 2021 (3deti za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podmienok). \u013dudia kv\u00f4li obmedzeniu po\u010dtu det\u00ed pomocou potratov preferovali chlapcov na \u00fakor diev\u010dat, \u010do viedlo a vedie k v\u00fdznamnej nerovnov\u00e1he pohlavia. V \u010c\u00edne sa 2021 rodilo 112 chlapcov na 100 diev\u010dat. Od roku 2022 u\u017e \u0161tatistiky z \u010c\u00edny uv\u00e1dza \u0161tandardn\u00fd svetov\u00fd pomer pomer 1,05 chlapca na 1 diev\u010da (20\/19). Riadenie p\u00f4rodnosti teda zrejme aspo\u0148 na vidieku pretrv\u00e1valo do 2021. Pomer 11\/10 p\u00f4sob\u00ed, \u017ee ve\u013ea \u010d\u00ednskych mu\u017eov nem\u00e1 \u017eenu. Re\u00e1lne je ten probl\u00e9m v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed, preto\u017ee star\u0161\u00ed majetnej\u0161\u00ed \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania vzh\u013eadom na nedostatok vo svojej vekovej skupine musia mieri\u0165 do mlad\u0161ej skupiny. Vo veku 20-30 rokov tak m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 re\u00e1lne napr. 2 vo\u013en\u00e9 \u017eeny na 3 alebo viac vo\u013en\u00fdch mu\u017eov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vrchol osamel\u00fdch mu\u017eov v \u010c\u00edne je teda teraz 2020 \u2013 2040. Potom sa bude nerovnov\u00e1ha na sob\u00e1\u0161nom trhu (vek 20-49) a\u017e do roku 2060 postupne zni\u017eova\u0165 a vyrovn\u00e1va\u0165. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/worklife\/article\/20170213-why-millions-of-chinese-men-are-staying-single\">BBC<\/a> aj New York Times pre rok 2025 uviedli 30 mili\u00f3nov \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov bez \u017eien. Ale to \u010d\u00edslo je v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161ie ako realita. V \u010c\u00edne sa toti\u017e mu\u017ei vstupuj\u00fa do vz\u0165ahu aj man\u017eelstva aj v\u00fdrazne nesk\u00f4r a do sob\u00e1\u0161neho trhu treba po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 vekov\u00fa skupinu nielen 20-40 rokov ale aj 40-50 rokov. To sa pr\u00e1ve pri v\u0161eobecne uv\u00e1dzanom rozdiele 35 mili\u00f3nov zanedb\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010c\u00edne je v roku 2026 aktu\u00e1lne 300,5 mil. mu\u017eov a 245,8 mil. \u017eien. vo veku 20 \u2013 49 rokov (podrobnej\u0161ie pod\u013ea veku pod\u013ea <a href=\"https:\/\/statisticstimes.com\/demographics\/country\/china-sex-ratio.php\">Statisticstimes.com<\/a>). <strong>Tzn. rozdiel 45 mili\u00f3nov \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov pod\u013ea pohlavia na sob\u00e1\u0161nom trhu<\/strong>. Do toho treba kalkulova\u0165 aj \u017ee star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017ei si ber\u00fa mlad\u0161ie \u017eeny. To je aj v Eur\u00f3pe a USA, ale v \u010c\u00edne je to umocnen\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm nedostatkom pohlavia \u017eien. Tzn. \u017ee v tomto obdob\u00ed na vrchole nerovnosti a p\u00e1r rokov potom to nem\u00f4\u017eu kompenzova\u0165 ani mlad\u0161ie \u017eeny star\u0161\u00edm mu\u017eom a ten dlh bude s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch mu\u017eov trval\u00fd. V skupine 50-59 rokov je v \u010c\u00edne 114 mil. mu\u017eov a 113 mil. \u017eien. Pri\u010dom \u017eeny po veku 50 u\u017e celosvetovo viac zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa viac single. Tzn. \u010dasto neh\u013eadaj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161\u00ed vz\u0165ah, ke\u010f man\u017eel spravidla umiera sk\u00f4r (mu\u017ei celosvetovo umieraj\u00fa mlad\u0161ie ako \u017eeny a navy\u0161e b\u00fdvaj\u00fa v man\u017eelstve t\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed). Tento historick\u00fd dlh star\u0161\u00edch vekov\u00fdch skup\u00edn nad 50 rokov <strong>rozdiel pohlavia pod\u013ea konzervat\u00edvneho odhadu zvy\u0161uje na 50 mili\u00f3nov \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov<\/strong> vo veku 20-49 rokov bez \u0161tatistickej n\u00e1deje na man\u017eelku \u010di dlhodob\u00fa priate\u013eku (tzn. z relevantnej skupiny 300 mili\u00f3nov minim\u00e1lne ka\u017ed\u00fd 6. \u010c\u00ed\u0148an na sob\u00e1\u0161nom trhu). Nie preto\u017ee by \u010c\u00ednske \u017eeny boli single, ale to\u013eko je rozdiel obyvate\u013eov vo veku, ke\u010f si \u013eudia e\u0161te h\u013eadaj\u00fa partnera. V \u010c\u00edne u mu\u017eov aj nesk\u00f4r (po veku 40 rokov), preto\u017ee ako mlad\u00ed na to nemali peniaze \u010di \u017eeny. Nezapo\u010d\u00edtavame \u010fal\u0161iu spojen\u00fa deform\u00e1ciu v neprospech rovnov\u00e1hy pohlavia. Za t\u00fdchto okolnost\u00ed sa napr\u00edklad mnoh\u00fdm \u010d\u00ednskym \u017een\u00e1m oplat\u00ed zosta\u0165 single a prij\u00edma\u0165 dar\u010deky \u010di sa pre randenie prenaj\u00edma\u0165 a\u017e za 1400 USD na de\u0148, ako p\u00ed\u0161e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/worklife\/article\/20170213-why-millions-of-chinese-men-are-staying-single\">BBC<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nerovnos\u0165 pohlavia v \u010c\u00edne je aj v star\u0161\u00edch vekovej skupine 50-54 a porovn\u00e1va sa a\u017e v skupine 55-59 (zatia\u013e \u010do v Eur\u00f3pe \u010di USA u\u017e okolo veku 50 rokov). Ak by sme zapo\u010d\u00edtali aj star\u0161ie ako 50 rokov zmieren\u00e9 s t\u00fdm, \u017ee nemali a nebud\u00fa ma\u0165 st\u00e1lu partnerku, sme na po\u010dte \u013eahko 70 mili\u00f3nov \u010d\u00ednskych mu\u017eov singles. To zodpoved\u00e1 15,7% z mu\u017eskej popul\u00e1cie v \u010c\u00edne vo veku 20-80 rokov (460 mil. mu\u017eov je vo veku 20-80 z celkov\u00fdch 718 mil. mu\u017eov v \u010c\u00edne). Tj. <strong>nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm overen\u00edm op\u00e4\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161iesty \u010c\u00ed\u0148an najbli\u017e\u0161ie roky bez \u0161tatistickej n\u00e1deje na \u017eenu. <\/strong>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee za tejto situ\u00e1cie zostane len mal\u00e9 percento \u017eien cel\u00fd alebo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu dospel\u00e9ho \u017eivota single, tak\u017ee re\u00e1lny v\u00fdsledok u\u017e nebude o to\u013eko hor\u0161\u00ed ako bol pod\u013ea podielu single \u017eien na z\u00e1pade. To by aj zodpovedalo priemernej natalite v \u010c\u00edne 1,16 chlapca na diev\u010da 1980-2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To vyvol\u00e1va soci\u00e1lne pnutie, preto\u017ee s\u00fasta \u010d\u00ednskych mu\u017eov nikdy nebude ma\u0165 \u017eenu (pozri \u010falej). Na druh\u00fa stranu aj ur\u010dit\u00fa prirodzen\u00fa selekciu. \u010c\u00ednsky mu\u017e plat\u00ed veno \u017eene rodiny 12 000 (vidiek) - 40 000 Eur (mesto). V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou mu\u017e mus\u00ed do man\u017eelstva prinies\u0165 aj byt 120 000 - 600 000 Eur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Polyandria (viac mu\u017eov pre jednu \u017eenu) bola v \u010c\u00edne akceptovan\u00e1 v 18 a 19 storo\u010d\u00ed, ale <a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/519572\/it-was-normal-for-women-in-18th-and-19th-century-china-to-have-two-husbands\">Qz.com<\/a> o nej hovor\u00ed v s\u00favislosti s chudobou a potrebou z\u00edska\u0165 do rodiny e\u0161te jedn\u00e9ho \u017eivite\u013ea a nie v s\u00favislosti s nedostatkom \u017eien. Zrejme ale i\u0161lo o spojen\u00e9 n\u00e1doby. Polyandria bola zru\u0161en\u00e1 1950 aj v Tibete av \u010c\u00edne je nez\u00e1konn\u00e1. Seri\u00f3zne sa o nej nehovor\u00ed ani neuva\u017euje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozdiel zjavne pod\u013ea \u0161tatistick\u00fdch d\u00e1t \u2013 pohlavie obyvate\u013eov vy\u0161\u0161ie \u2013 nekompenzuj\u00fa ani dovozy man\u017eeliek napr. z Ruska \u010di JV \u00c1zie. Dovoz man\u017eelky je napokon e\u0161te drah\u0161\u00ed a najsk\u00f4r zanedbate\u013en\u00fd, ale bez nich by rozdiel v pohlav\u00ed bol e\u0161te vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Navy\u0161e \u010c\u00edna nie je okrem Severnej K\u00f3rei, Mongolska a rusk\u00e9ho pohrani\u010dia \u00faplne ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e1 destin\u00e1cia imigrantov. Kv\u00f4li ur\u010ditej kult\u00farnej rigidite, discipl\u00edne, pracovn\u00e9mu tempu, men\u0161ej ochrane lacnej pr\u00e1ce, ale aj nap\u00e4t\u00fdm teritori\u00e1lnym vz\u0165ahom v \u010c\u00ednskom mori. Niektor\u00e9 podmienky a spolo\u010densk\u00e1 akcept\u00e1cia sa pre man\u017eelky cudzinky v d\u00f4sledku soci\u00e1lneho tlaku zlep\u0161ia. Nie je jasn\u00e9, \u010di to v najviac kritick\u00fdch najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch 20 rokoch povedie k z\u00e1sadn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161eniu man\u017eeliek z cudziny v \u010c\u00edne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 je z\u00edska\u0165 \u00fadaj o mlad\u00fdch mu\u017eoch v \u010c\u00edne 21-30 bez priate\u013eky (single). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1258197\/china-share-of-singles-by-gender\/?srsltid=AfmBOoo0QPmPmzzrL_STvN0Py4oG5XqTNnRi3Dn0hTHDBYpcN0wgU0TJ\">Statista.com<\/a> uv\u00e1dza 42,6% mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed 21-30 rokov v \u010c\u00edne single. V krajin\u00e1ch s norm\u00e1lnym pomerom pohlav\u00edm b\u00fdva o 1\/2 viac mlad\u00fdch mu\u017eov single ako viac mlad\u00fdch \u017eien (\u017eeny vstupuj\u00fa do vz\u0165ahov mlad\u0161\u00edch). V \u010c\u00edne bude pomer mlad\u00fdch single mu\u017eov a \u017eien minim\u00e1lne dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd. Predpokladajme konzervat\u00edvny n\u00edzky pomer nezadan\u00fdch mlad\u00fdch \u017eien v \u010c\u00edne iba 19% vo veku 21-30 (proti pribli\u017ene <a href=\"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/40-mladych-muzu-v-usa-i-cr-je-single\/\">25% singles diev\u010dat v \u010cR alebo USA<\/a>). Preto\u017ee mlad\u00e9 \u010c\u00ed\u0148anky s\u00fa kv\u00f4li nedostupnosti \u017eien v \u010c\u00edne ove\u013ea viac chcen\u00e9 u\u017e v mladom veku ako \u017eeny na z\u00e1pade. Potom by podiel single mlad\u00fdch mu\u017eov v \u010c\u00edne bol odhadom 60%. Tzn. \u017ee pod\u013ea konzervat\u00edvneho odhadu <strong>3 z 5 mlad\u00fdch \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov <strong>vo veku 21-30 rokov<\/strong> nemaj\u00fa priate\u013eku<\/strong>. V tejto situ\u00e1cii to aj mno\u017estvo mlad\u00fdch mu\u017eov m\u00f4\u017ee a niektor\u00ed \u0161tatisticky nakoniec aj musia vzda\u0165. Na porovnanie krajiny s norm\u00e1lnym pomerom pohlavia \u2013 \u010dl\u00e1nok <a href=\"http:\/\/40% mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f v USA i \u010cR je single\">40% <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/40-mladych-muzu-v-usa-i-cr-je-single\/\">mlad\u00fdch<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/40% mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f v USA i \u010cR je single\"> mu\u017eov v USA aj SR je single<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za t\u00fdchto okolnost\u00ed by \u010dlovek \u010dakal preferenciu dc\u00e9r. <a href=\"https:\/\/china.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/pub-pdf\/gender_preference_for_children_and_srb_-final.pdf\">\u0160t\u00fadia UNFPA <\/a>skuto\u010dne \u013eahk\u00fa preferenciu dc\u00e9r v \u010c\u00edne od roku 2017 potvrdzuje spolu s preferenciou balance pohlavia a d\u00e1va ju aj do s\u00favislosti so zlep\u0161en\u00edm postavenia \u017eien v \u010c\u00ednskej spolo\u010dnosti \u2013 vzdelan\u00ed, profesii, pr\u00e1vach. Preferencie ale nemusia zodpoveda\u0165 skuto\u010dnej p\u00f4rodnosti. Ako je uveden\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie, aj v roku 2022 v \u010c\u00edne preva\u017euj\u00fa naroden\u00ed chlapci v pomere 1,05 (tj ako celosvetov\u00fd priemer). \u010c\u00ednu teda okolo 2040 - 2060 \u010dakaj\u00fa z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 spolo\u010densk\u00e9 zmeny, kedy sa rovnov\u00e1ha pohlavia bude vraca\u0165 z prevahy mu\u017eov do svetov\u00e9ho norm\u00e1lu. Je ot\u00e1zka, \u010di sa v obdob\u00ed 2026 \u2013 2035 bude v \u010c\u00edne do\u010dasne rodi\u0165 viac diev\u010dat ako je celosvetov\u00fd priemer 1,05 chlapca na diev\u010da. D\u00e1valo by to ekonomick\u00fd a soci\u00e1lny zmysel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kontrola pohlavia chcen\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a (mini potraty) je aj napriek v\u0161etkej slobode rodi\u010dov aj pre liber\u00e1lneho \u010dloveka na etick\u00fa diskusiu. Pokia\u013e sa ale historick\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha pohlavia do\u010dasne vyrovn\u00e1va, je to ur\u010dite prijate\u013enej\u0161ie, ne\u017e ke\u010f sa dlhodobo vytv\u00e1ra. Pokia\u013e by aktu\u00e1lne boli \u010d\u00ednske p\u00e1ry preferuj\u00face diev\u010da, mo\u017eno si potrat chlapca predstavi\u0165 za aktu\u00e1lnych okolnost\u00ed predstavi\u0165 aj ako mor\u00e1lne obh\u00e1jite\u013en\u00fd av s\u00falade s pr\u00edrodou.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>50 mili\u00f3nov \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov (ka\u017ed\u00fd 6. \u010c\u00ed\u0148an na svadobnom trhu \u2013 vek 20-50) aktu\u00e1lne nem\u00e1 a nikdy nebude ma\u0165 n\u00e1dej na \u017eenu. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":150792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[662],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vztahove-chovani-preference"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150777"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":150851,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150777\/revisions\/150851"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/150792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=150777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.redpipi.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}